In 1986, Congress passed the HCQIA: Health Care Quality Improvement Act.
a.    When a hospital conducted a peer review, then the hospital would be immune from litigation.
b.    Texas has incorporated the HCQIA language in the Medical Practice Act.
c.    Some caveats to the immunity:
(1)    If the physician can show a violation of anti-trust statutes, then the other party is not immunized.
(2)    If the physician show a violation of a civil rights statute, then the other party is not immunized.